In Hindu iconography, Lord Shiva is almost always depicted with a serpent coiled gracefully around His neck. This serpent is identified in the Puranas as Vasuki, the king of the nagas. Far from being a decorative element, the presence of Vasuki carries profound theological, philosophical and symbolic meaning rooted in ancient Hindu tradition.
One of the most significant references to Vasuki appears in the episode of the Samudra Manthan, the churning of the cosmic ocean. As described in texts such as the Bhagavata Purana and the Mahabharata, the devas and asuras used Mount Mandara as the churning rod and Vasuki as the rope. During this cosmic event, a deadly poison known as halahala emerged from the ocean, threatening to destroy all creation. To protect the universe, Shiva consumed the poison, which remained in His throat, turning it blue and earning Him the name Neelkantha. In certain traditional narrations, Vasuki too endured the effects of the poison during the churning. Shiva’s decision to adorn Vasuki around His neck is thus seen as both an act of grace and a mark of honour.
Symbolically, the serpent represents multiple layers of meaning.
First, it signifies mastery over fear and death. In many cultures, snakes are associated with danger and mortality. By wearing Vasuki as an ornament, Shiva demonstrates absolute control over these forces. Death, which terrifies most beings, rests peacefully around His neck. This imagery conveys Shiva’s transcendence over the cycle of birth and death.
Second, the serpent represents ego and primal instincts. In Hindu philosophy, conquering the ego is essential for spiritual liberation. Shiva, as the supreme yogi, shows complete detachment and mastery over worldly impulses. The snake, subdued and calm, becomes a symbol of disciplined consciousness.
Third, the serpent is closely linked to the concept of kundalini energy in yogic tradition. Kundalini is described as a coiled serpent energy residing at the base of the spine. When awakened through spiritual practice, it rises upward, leading to higher states of awareness. Shiva, as Adiyogi, the first yogi embodies perfect control and awakening of this inner energy. The serpent around His neck visually represents this spiritual power under full command.
The three coils of Vasuki are often interpreted as symbolising time : past, present and future. Shiva, as Mahakala, exists beyond all three. The serpent’s raised hood further signifies alertness and protection, reinforcing Shiva’s role as guardian of cosmic order.
Thus, the image of Lord Shiva with a snake around His neck is not merely mythological ornamentation. It is a layered symbol of fearlessness, transcendence, yogic mastery, timelessness and divine protection. Through Vasuki, Shiva teaches that what is feared by the world can become an ornament for one who has conquered the self.
Source : AstroVed Moneycontrol
